一、Apache
①、通过修改 .htaccess 文件
修改网站目录下的.htaccess，添加如下代码即可(2 种代码任选)：
可用代码 (1)：
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} (^$|FeedDemon|Indy Library|Alexa Toolbar|AskTbFXTV|AhrefsBot|CrawlDaddy|CoolpadWebkit|Java|Feedly|UniversalFeedParser|ApacheBench|Microsoft URL Control|Swiftbot|ZmEu|oBot|jaunty|Python–urllib|lightDeckReports Bot|YYSpider|DigExt|HttpClient|MJ12bot|heritrix|EasouSpider|Ezooms) [NC]
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ – [F]
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可用代码 (2)：
SetEnvIfNoCase ^User–Agent$ .*(FeedDemon|Indy Library|Alexa Toolbar|AskTbFXTV|AhrefsBot|CrawlDaddy|CoolpadWebkit|Java|Feedly|UniversalFeedParser|ApacheBench|Microsoft URL Control|Swiftbot|ZmEu|oBot|jaunty|Python–urllib|lightDeckReports Bot|YYSpider|DigExt|HttpClient|MJ12bot|heritrix|EasouSpider|Ezooms) BADBOT
Order Allow,Deny
Allow from all
Deny from env=BADBOT
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②、通过修改 httpd.conf 配置文件
找到如下类似位置，根据以下代码 新增 / 修改，然后重启 Apache 即可：
Shell
DocumentRoot /home/wwwroot/xxx
<Directory “/home/wwwroot/xxx”>
SetEnvIfNoCase User–Agent “.*(FeedDemon|Indy Library|Alexa Toolbar|AskTbFXTV|AhrefsBot|CrawlDaddy|CoolpadWebkit|Java|Feedly|UniversalFeedParser|ApacheBench|Microsoft URL Control|Swiftbot|ZmEu|oBot|jaunty|Python-urllib|lightDeckReports Bot|YYSpider|DigExt|HttpClient|MJ12bot|heritrix|EasouSpider|Ezooms)” BADBOT
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
deny from env=BADBOT
</Directory>
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二、Nginx 代码
进入到 nginx 安装目录下的 conf 目录，将如下代码保存为 agent_deny.conf
cd /usr/local/nginx/conf
vim agent_deny.conf
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#禁止Scrapy等工具的抓取
if ($http_user_agent ~* (Scrapy|Curl|HttpClient)) {
return 403;
}
#禁止指定UA及UA为空的访问
if ($http_user_agent ~* “FeedDemon|Indy Library|Alexa Toolbar|AskTbFXTV|AhrefsBot|CrawlDaddy|CoolpadWebkit|Java|Feedly|UniversalFeedParser|ApacheBench|Microsoft URL Control|Swiftbot|ZmEu|oBot|jaunty|Python-urllib|lightDeckReports Bot|YYSpider|DigExt|HttpClient|MJ12bot|heritrix|EasouSpider|Ezooms|^$” ) {
return 403;
}
#禁止非GET|HEAD|POST方式的抓取
if ($request_method !~ ^(GET|HEAD|POST)$) {
return 403;
}
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然后，在网站相关配置中的 location / { 之后插入如下代码：
Shell
include agent_deny.conf;
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如下的配置：
Shell
[marsge@Mars_Server ~]$ cat /usr/local/nginx/conf/zhangge.conf
location / {
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;
#这个位置新增1行：
include agent_deny.conf;
rewrite ^/sitemap_360_sp.txt$ /sitemap_360_sp.php last;
rewrite ^/sitemap_baidu_sp.xml$ /sitemap_baidu_sp.php last;
rewrite ^/sitemap_m.xml$ /sitemap_m.php last;
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保存后，执行如下命令，平滑重启 nginx 即可：
Shell
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx –s reload
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三、PHP 代码
将如下方法放到贴到网站入口文件 index.php 中的第一个
PHP
//获取UA信息
$ua = $_SERVER[‘HTTP_USER_AGENT’];
//将恶意USER_AGENT存入数组
$now_ua = array(‘FeedDemon ‘,‘BOT/0.1 (BOT for JCE)’,‘CrawlDaddy ‘,‘Java’,‘Feedly’,‘UniversalFeedParser’,‘ApacheBench’,‘Swiftbot’,‘ZmEu’,‘Indy Library’,‘oBot’,‘jaunty’,‘YandexBot’,‘AhrefsBot’,‘MJ12bot’,‘WinHttp’,‘EasouSpider’,‘HttpClient’,‘Microsoft URL Control’,‘YYSpider’,‘jaunty’,‘Python-urllib’,‘lightDeckReports Bot’);
//禁止空USER_AGENT，dedecms等主流采集程序都是空USER_AGENT，部分sql注入工具也是空USER_AGENT
if(!$ua) {
header(“Content-type: text/html; charset=utf-8”);
die(‘请勿采集本站，因为采集的站长木有小JJ！’);
}else{
foreach($now_ua as $value )
//判断是否是数组中存在的UA
if(eregi($value,$ua)) {
header(“Content-type: text/html; charset=utf-8”);
die(‘请勿采集本站，因为采集的站长木有小JJ！’);
}
}
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四、测试效果
如果是 vps，那非常简单，使用 curl -A 模拟抓取即可，比如：
模拟宜搜蜘蛛抓取：
Shell
curl –I –A ‘YisouSpider’ bizhi.bcoderss.com
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模拟 UA 为空的抓取：
Shell
curl –I –A ” bizhi.bcoderss.com
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模拟百度蜘蛛的抓取：
Shell
curl –I –A ‘Baiduspider’ bizhi.bcoderss.com
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